The three stages of epilepsy genetics. This diagram is of course a simplification, but should indicate that the focus of epilepsy genetics is shifting. While we were happy to have any genetic data at all in the genetic era, we are currently flooded with genetic information given the availability of massive parallel sequencing data in the genomic era. In the upcoming era of personalized medicine, we will need to develop new criteria about the “trustworthiness” of genetic data for treatment decisions.